Calluses, or hardened areas of skin, form under the feet due to constant friction or
pressure. When these calluses become particularly thick and hard, they can cause
discomfort or even pain. This is especially common on the heels or balls of the feet,
where pressure from walking or wearing tight shoes is most intense.

Causes:

1. Ill-fitting shoes: Tight shoes or high heels can put extra pressure on certain areas
of the foot, leading to callus formation.
2. Walking barefoot: This can cause the skin to thicken over time as a protective
response.

3. Foot abnormalities: Flat feet or bunions may also increase the likelihood of
calluses.

Treatment Options:
– Soaking and exfoliating: Regularly soaking your feet in warm water followed by
gentle exfoliation can help soften and reduce calluses.
– Moisturizing: Applying a rich foot cream daily helps to keep the skin soft and
prevent further hardening.
– Proper footwear: Wearing well-fitted shoes with good arch support can relieve
pressure on the feet and prevent future callus formation.

In severe cases, consulting a podiatrist is recommended to avoid complications and
ensure effective treatment.